Five Year Plans and the Collectivisation of Agriculture

During the time of Stalin, the Soviet Communist leaders thought that industrialization was very important for the growth of the country. Stalin wanted to industrialize the country rapidly and he introduced a campaign of central planning (A small group of people in power, planning and deciding for everyone “what is best for all”. They also decide what has to be produced.)



This led to the Five Year Plans wanting to create a rapid growth of capital goods such as coal, oil, hydroelectricity, iron etc.
To do this, the forced collectivization of agriculture was used; using systematic violence to get rid of private property, which they held responsible for the country’s problems. State was to own the entire agrarian sector, turning it into huge state-owned farms.
With it came cruel repression; however, the growth of heavy industry took place very rapidly.

Stalin's Dictatorships - Labour camps and Gulag

The Gulag is the government agency which managed and administrered the penal labour camps of the Soviet Union. They decided who should be sent to the camps and what labour should be carried out. The people who worked in the camps were all blamed for some crime, but many of them were innocent, the government just needed some workers.


Poem on the Labour camps:


All the fuzz was a camp
A camp where you had to work hard
In the night you wouldn't even have a lamp
Stalin thought it was smart

By Mathiaes, Lisa, Ivar, Mia, Paulius and Christian R

Content of Compromise of 1850

Hjalte H, Louise H, Cecilie, Alexander, 2pac Makaveli a.k.a Don Daddi

Slavery

by: Shanni Seeger, Mathias Andreasen, Christine Rowlin,

Noam Chen-Zion, Sarah Qwarnstrom, and Kevin Gundtoft!!!

Group # 3: The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln

On April 14th 1865, Abraham Lincoln was in Ford’s Theater accompanied by his wife, an Officer named Major Henry R. Rathbone and Rathbone’s fiancée watching a comedy called “Our American Cousin”.
After the play started a man named John Wilkes Booth moved into the presidential box where they were sitting and fired at the president. He was shot in the ear and the bullet lodged behind his right eye. This paralyzed him and he could hardly breathe. A doctor who was also in the theater at the time did his best to try and help the president, but about nine hours later at 7:22 am the following morning, Abraham Lincoln died.



At around 10 o clock pm on the evening of the assassination, Lewis Powell gained entrance to the house of Secretary of State William H. Seward, where he was lying in bed. Lewis stabbed Seward, and then ran out of the house, but the wounds were not fatal and Seward survived.

Meanwhile another conspirator, George Atzerodt, had been assigned to murder the Vice President Andrew Johnson at Kirkwood Hotel, and had rented a room just above the Vice President’s. Atzerodt spent some time at the hotel saloon questioning the bartender about the Vice President’s character and behavior, and then got drunk, left the hotel and tossed his knife away in the streets.

Apart from the conspirators mentioned above, Mary Surratt and David Herold also played their part in the conspiracy. Mary Surratt was a messenger, delivering a message to someone of when to have the weapons to be used in the assassinations ready. The task given to Herold was to guide Powell to the Seward house and then to lead him out of the city.
Booth was shot at the capture, but the remaining co-conspirators were sentenced to death by hanging.

Originally the plan was to kidnap the president and hold him hostage until the North agreed to resume exchanging prisoners. He was to be captured on his way home from Campbell Military Hospital the 17th of March, but it turned out he had gone to the National Hotel to attend a ceremony instead.
About a month later, Lincoln held a speech in which he proposed the idea of voting rights for former slaves. Booth did not like this idea, and decided on assassination.

Group 2 - The march to the sea

Group 2: “March to the sea”

Sherman’s march to the sea also known as the Savannah or the scorched earth campaign, began near Georgia in 1864 during the moths of November and December. It was lead by Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman of the union army. The campaign was started after he left the captured city of Atlanta Georgia on November 15th. On December 21st the campaign ended with the capture of the port Savannah. The campaign did serious damage to the infrastructure and civilian property of the South. It is written that Sherman “defied military principles by operating deep within enemy territory and without lines of supply or communication”. Sherman led his troops to battle nearly too 2:1 ratio. The purpose of this campaign was to destroy the South’s economic and physiological will to resist and to eliminate any resources that could be used by Confederate army. This strategic move ensured victory for the north.

Biography: Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln was born in a log cabin February the 12th in Harden County in Kentucky, and was born into poverty. He was self-taught and grew up to be a lawyer. Lincoln had 4 children with his wife Mary Todd Lincoln, but only 1 of them grew up to adulthood.
His political career started in the 1840's. Since the beginning of his political career he supported the Republican Party in its antislavery stand. He was also elected as president of the United States in 1860. He was the 16th president, however, he was the first republican president (and also the first president to have a beard!). One year later the American Civil war broke out, because of the disagreements around slavery. Abraham was re-elected in 1864 and The Union won the war in 1865. Only 5 days after the war had come to an end, he was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth while attending a play with his wife, thereby being the first president ever assassinated in USA.

Written by: Jannicke, Helene, Sif, Matt and Alex.

The south after the civil war

The South after the civil war

After Congress passed the Reconstruction Act of 1867, the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1870 providing the right to vote, and the Civil Rights Act of 1875 forbidding racial segregation in accommodations, Federal occupation troops in the South assured blacks the right to vote and to elect their own political leaders. The Reconstruction amendments asserted the supremacy of the national state and the formal equality under the law of everyone within it. However this radical Reconstruction era would collapse because of multidimensional racialism related to the spread of democratic idealism. What began as region wide passage of ‘Jim Crow’ segregation laws that focused on issues of equal access to public activities and facilities would by 1910 have spread throughout the south, mandating the segregation of whites and blacks in the public sphere.

After the end of Reconstruction, which followed from the Compromise of 1877, the new Democratic governments in the South instituted state laws to separate black and white racial groups, submitting African-Americans to a second-class citizenship and enforcing white supremacy. Collectively, these state laws were called the Jim Crow system, after the name of a stereotypical 1830s black minstrel show character.

After the Civil War, it took over 100 years for blacks to have the same equal rights as whites. Three amendments to the U.S. Constitution helped blacks have the same opportunities as whites and have the same right to vote. The Reconstruction Acts were also part of this fight. These made the South give blacks their political rights.

As part of Reconstruction, two new amendments were added to the Constitution. The Fourteenth Amendment passed in June 1865, granted citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the United States. The Fifteenth Amendment, passed in February of 1869, guaranteed that no American would be denied the right to vote on the basis of race. For many African Americans, however, this right would be short-lived. Following Reconstruction, they would be denied their legal right to vote in many states until the Voting Rights Act of 1965

By Bjørn, Domantas, Liban, Martin, Tsvetana & Karen-Marie